The coexistence of utopian and dystopian views is inherent in the cultural consciousness. Both ideas, which constitute a mental dichotomy, stem from a profound dissatisfaction with the state of life. Utopia offers a vision of progress towards an ideal, while dystopia describes a scenario of human regression. Modernism, marked by radical socio-political changes, wars and revolutions, produced a variety of utopian and dystopian models. We'll discuss the implications, circumstances, and consequences of utopian and dystopian ideas, as they reflect on Modern Art, and continue to affect contemporary culture.