Thermodynamics and kinetics of organic reactions. Methods to study mechanisms of organic reactions. Kinetic isotope effect. Linear free energy relationships (Hammett, Brown, Tafts, etc.)
Solvent effect on chemical reactivity. Solvation properties and scales. Equation of Grunwald & Weinstein, Z-factor, ET(30). Polar aprotic solvents and their influence on chemical reactivity. Phase-transfer catalysis. Hydrophobic effects
Reactive intermediates- carboanions. pKa of C-H acids. Stability and reactivity of carboanions. NMR characterization and ion-pairing of simple organometallic derivatives
Reactive intermediates- carbocations. Generation and stability of carbocations. Rearrangements involving carbocations. Classic and non-classic carbocations