The psychoanalytic theory focuses on understanding our motivational forces and on analyzing the processes that are operating at the basis of our psychic existence. These processes touch every facet of our lives, including: basic existential feelings, patterns of behaviour, our experience of our selves and the surrounding reality, personality traits, contact and communication with other people; as well as cultural activities, such as: art, religion and morality. Still, despite of its inclusiveness, psychoanalysis is based, like any other theory, on a relatively small kernel of basic concepts and ideas. These ideas were developed through the years by different theoreticians. While being complimentary parts of the main theory, they also reflect the unique point of view of each theoretician concerning human beings and their psychic development. In this tutorial, we shall elaborate on some of these ideas and concepts while reading in key theoretical texts.