Credit points: 3
Hours: 3
Prerequisites: Fluid Mechanics I
Detailed syllabus
1. Characteristic of motion of organisms. (Wks 1-3)
1.1 Purpose of motion, dynamic and static stability, maneuverability.
1.2 Geometrical charateristics of avians, fish and microorganism.
1.3 Sphere and an ellipsoid as generic bodies. Slenderness.
1.4 Resistance of water and air, common and differences.
1.5 Compressibility, cavitation. Laminar and turbulent regimes.
1.6 Low and high Reynolds numbers of birds, fish and microorganisms
1.7 1.5 Dimensional and non-dimensional charateristics of motion: velocity per mass unit, energy per mass unit. Way the mechanical coefficient of efficiency of a whales is high and of a small larva is low?
2. Propulsion and thrusters. (Wks 4-6)
2.1 Reynolds transport theorem.
2.2 Why suction does not create propulsion and a jet does?
2.3 Human palm, human finger, human leg as thrusters.
2.4 Plate and a cylinder as thrusters
2.5 Paddle, paddle propuslor, paddle boats
2.6 Animal's using paddle propulsors
2.7 Low efficiency of paddle propulsors
2.8 Flagella and cilia as propulsors.
2.9 Low efficiency of ciliated motion
3. Lift and propulsion (Wks 7-8)
3.1 Wing and vorticity.
3.2 Circulation
3.3 Zhukovsky theorem
3.4 Calculation of lift for a profile
3.5 Soaring flight
3.6 Wings of finite aspect ratio
3.7 Prandtl's lifting line theory
3.8 Drag of a wing
4. Wing as a propulsor. (Wks 9-10)
4.1 Flapping wings, Strouhal number, von Karman theory.
4.2 Birds and insects
4.3 Fish tail as wing a propulsor
4.4 Fish fins as a stabilizer
4.5 Propeller blade
4.6 Sail, sailing vessels
5. Stability of motion and maneuvering (Wk 11-13)
5.1 Definition, static and dynamic stability
5.2 Metathentric height
5.3 Differential equation of motion in the horizontal plane. Lyapunov's stability
5.4 Maneuvering in the vertical plane.
5.5 Maneuvering in the horizontal and vertical planes
5.6 Munk-Lighthill theory of a maneuvering slender fish.
6. Concluding remarks. (Wk 14)
Should we try to copy the nature blindly?